Morpholine is a versatile organic heterocyclic compound with the chemical formula C₄H₉NO. Also known as tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine or diethylene imidoxide, it features both amine and ether functional groups, making it a valuable secondary amine in industrial applications. Morpholine appears as a colorless, hygroscopic liquid with a characteristic weak ammonia-like or fishy odor. It is fully miscible with water and many organic solvents, offering excellent solubility properties.

 

Technical Specifications

ITEMS SPECIFICATIONS
Appearance Colorless Oily Liquid
Purity ≥99.5%
Moisture ≤0.3%
Color ≤10

 

Packaging & Storage

  • Net weight 200kgs plastic drums, 16 MT/FCL with pallets.
  • Store in a cool, dry, ventilated area away from ignition sources and strong oxidizers.

 

Primary Applications of Morpholine

Corrosion Inhibition and Water Treatment:
Widely used as a neutralizing amine in boiler feedwater systems for fossil fuel and nuclear power plants. Its volatility matches that of water, allowing even distribution in steam phases to adjust pH and prevent corrosion.

Rubber Chemicals:
Serves as an intermediate in the production of vulcanization accelerators, antioxidants, and stabilizers for rubber products like tires and seals.

Pharmaceuticals:
Key building block in synthesizing active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), including antibiotics (e.g., linezolid) and anticancer drugs (e.g., gefitinib).

Agrochemicals:
Used in the manufacture of herbicides, fungicides, and pesticides.

Solvents and Formulations:
Excellent solvent for resins, waxes, dyes, casein, and shellac; also in optical brighteners, polishes, cleaners, and coatings.

Organic Synthesis:
Facilitates enamine formation and acts as a reagent in reactions like the Kindler modification of the Willgerodt reaction.

 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q: What is Morpholine used for?
A: Morpholine is primarily used as a corrosion inhibitor in boiler water treatment, an intermediate in rubber accelerators and pharmaceuticals, a solvent in chemical formulations, and in agrochemical production.

Q: Can Morpholine be used as a solvent?
A: Yes, due to its polarity and low cost, it is commonly used as a solvent in organic reactions, waxes, dyes, and resins.

Q: What industries commonly use Morpholine?
A: Key industries include power generation (water treatment), rubber manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and coatings/polishes.

Q: How is Morpholine used in power plants?
A: It is added in low concentrations for pH control and corrosion protection in boiler feedwater, due to its similar volatility to water.

Q: Is Morpholine toxic or hazardous?
A: Yes, it is corrosive, flammable, and acutely toxic via inhalation or skin contact.

Q: How should Morpholine be stored?
A: Store in tightly sealed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from heat, sparks, and incompatible materials like strong oxidizers.

 

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