P-Phenylenediamine (PPD) is a white to light-purple crystalline aromatic amine that oxidizes to dark colors on exposure to air. It is one of the most widely used primary intermediates in oxidative hair dyes and is the key building block for high-performance permanent hair color formulations. P-Phenylenediamine (PPD) is also employed in rubber antioxidants, textile dyes, fur dyes, photographic developers, and certain engineering polymers.
Technical Specification
| ITEMS | SPECIFICATIONS |
| Appearance | White Crystal or flake |
| GC Purity | ≥99.9% |
| Aniline | ≤50 ppm |
| O-aminophenol | ≤500 ppm |
| P-chloroaniline | ≤200 ppm |
| O-phenylenediamine | ≤200 ppm |
| M-phenylenediamine | ≤200 ppm |
Packaging and Storage
- Packed in 200kgs drum, 25kgs fibre drums, adjustable on request.
- Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from oxidizing agents and direct sunlight.
Primary Advantages and Application Areas
P-Phenylenediamine (PPD)’s advantages stem from its unique chemical structure, providing high reactivity and versatility, making it a critical intermediate in numerous industries. Key advantages include:
In Hair Dyes:
Exceptional affinity for hair keratin, penetrating deep into the hair shaft.
Reacts with hydrogen peroxide in oxidative processes to produce long-lasting, natural-looking colors with superior color fastness, fade resistance, and depth.
Most effective ingredient in permanent oxidative hair dyes, enabling a broad color spectrum (especially deep shades).
In High-Performance Polymers:
Reacts with terephthaloyl chloride to form poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA), the basis for aramid fibers like Kevlar® and Twaron®.
Imparts extraordinary strength (5 times stronger than steel by weight), high modulus, heat resistance (decomposition >560°C), chemical corrosion resistance, and electrical insulation.
Widely used in bulletproof vests, composites, tire reinforcement, aerospace, and defense applications.
In Rubber Industry:
Derivatives (e.g., IPPD) serve as antiozonants and antioxidants, preventing ozone-induced cracking and extending product lifespan.
Enhances thermal stability and degradation resistance in tires, hoses, and other rubber goods.
Other Advantages:
Key intermediate for azo dyes, sulfur dyes, and acid dyes, delivering vibrant and stable colors.
Used as a developer in photography and for fur dyeing.
Cost-effective with mature production processes and high yield.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is P-Phenylenediamine (PPD)?
P-Phenylenediamine (CAS 106-50-3) is an aromatic amine used primarily as the main intermediate in permanent oxidative hair dyes and as a rubber antioxidant. It reacts with hydrogen peroxide to form colored bandrowski’s base compounds inside the hair shaft.
Why does P-Phenylenediamine (PPD) turn black when exposed to air?
PPD rapidly oxidizes in air, forming Bandrowski’s base and other quinone-type polymers, which are dark in color. This is the same mechanism that creates permanent color on hair when mixed with hydrogen peroxide.
Can P-Phenylenediamine (PPD) be used for dyeing textiles or leather?
Yes, widely used for black and dark shades on cotton (with sulfur dyes) and fur/leather dyeing. It produces excellent fastness properties.
Can PPD be used in beard or eyebrow dyes?
No. In the EU and many countries, PPD is prohibited in products applied to eyebrows, eyelashes, or beard due to higher risk of severe allergic reactions near the eyes.
How should P-Phenylenediamine (PPD) be stored long-term?
Keep sealed in original packaging, protected from light and moisture at temperatures below 30°C.
Related Products
| Product Name | CAS No. | Key Applications |
| Ammonium Persulfate | 7727-54-0 | Common in powder bleaches; enhances high-lift lightening. |
| Sodium Persulfate | 7775-27-1 | Used in bleaches for significant decolorization. |
| Potassium Persulfate | 7727-21-1 | Strong lightening in bleaches; accelerates melanin breakdown. |
| p-Aminophenol | 123-30-8 | Provides golden/red tones; used for lighter shades and natural hues. |
| Resorcinol | 108-46-3 | Most common coupler; green/brown tones; adjusts depth and durability. |
| m-Aminophenol | 591-27-5 | Red coupler; warm red/golden tones; used in natural brown or red formulas. |
| 2-Methylresorcinol | 608-25-3 | Enhances color stability; neutral brown tones. |
| 5-Amino-2-Methylphenol | 2835-95-2 | Red coupler for vibrant reds. |
| 1-Naphthol | 90-15-3 | Purple/red tones; for deep or violet shades. |
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