Product: p-Aminophenol (4-Aminophenol) CAS Number: 123-30-8 Chemical Formula: C₆H₇NO Molecular Weight: 109.13 g/mol
p-Aminophenol, also known as 4-aminophenol or para-aminophenol, is a versatile organic intermediate widely used across multiple industries. This high-purity compound serves as a key building block in chemical synthesis, delivering reliable performance in demanding applications.
Key Properties
- Appearance: White to light reddish-yellow or grayish-brown crystals or powder (may darken upon exposure to air or light)
- Melting Point: Approximately 187–188 °C
- Boiling Point: Approximately 284 °C
- Density: About 1.13–1.29 g/cm³
- Solubility: Slightly soluble in water; more soluble in hot water, alcohol, and alkaline solutions
- Purity: Typically ≥98% (GC or titration methods)
- Stability: Sensitive to light, air, and strong oxidizers; turns violet or brown when exposed
Primary Applications
p-Aminophenol is a critical raw material in several high-value sectors:
- Pharmaceutical Industry — Primary precursor for synthesizing acetaminophen (paracetamol), one of the world’s most widely used analgesics and antipyretics. Also used in the production of other active pharmaceutical ingredients.
- Dye and Pigment Industry — Essential intermediate for manufacturing azo dyes, sulfur dyes, acid dyes, and oxidation hair dye formulations. It functions as a developer and color precursor in permanent and semi-permanent hair color products.
- Photography — Historically and in specialty applications, serves as a black-and-white photographic developer, producing high-contrast images.
- Other Uses — Employed in antioxidants, rubber chemicals, oil additives, and various organic syntheses.
Product Advantages
- High reactivity as an aromatic amine and phenol derivative
- Consistent quality suitable for pharmaceutical-grade and industrial applications
- Versatile reactivity for downstream derivatization
- Established role in large-scale commercial production
Handling and Storage Recommendations
Handle with appropriate personal protective equipment in a well-ventilated area or under fume hood. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, dry, dark place away from incompatible materials (strong acids, bases, oxidizers, and light). Protect from air and moisture to maintain stability and prevent discoloration.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is the main use of p-aminophenol (CAS 123-30-8)?
The primary industrial application is as a key intermediate in the synthesis of acetaminophen (paracetamol). It is also widely used in hair dye formulations and dye manufacturing.
Is p-aminophenol the same as 4-aminophenol?
Yes, p-aminophenol and 4-aminophenol refer to the same compound — the para isomer of aminophenol.
How should p-aminophenol be stored to prevent degradation?
Store in a cool, dry, tightly sealed container protected from light and air. Exposure to light or oxygen can cause darkening or violet coloration.
Is p-aminophenol used in hair dyes?
Yes, it is a common precursor and developer in permanent and oxidative hair dye products, reacting with couplers to produce long-lasting color.
What is the typical purity level for commercial p-aminophenol?
High-quality grades are usually ≥98% pure, suitable for pharmaceutical intermediates and specialty chemical applications.
Does p-aminophenol have any special handling precautions?
Yes — use protective equipment, avoid inhalation and skin contact, and work in ventilated areas. It is classified as toxic if swallowed or absorbed and may cause sensitization.
Can p-aminophenol be used in photographic developers?
Yes, it has been used as a developing agent in black-and-white photography and related processes.
What is the CAS number for p-aminophenol?
The CAS registry number is 123-30-8.
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