Sodium Amide | CAS 7782-92-5 | Strong Base for Organic Synthesis & Deprotonation

Product Name: Sodium Amide

CAS Number: 7782-92-5

Synonyms: Sodamide, Sodium Azanide, Sodium Amide (NaNH₂)

Molecular Formula: NaNH₂

Molecular Weight: 39.01 g/mol

Appearance: White to grayish crystalline powder or lumps (commercial grades often appear gray due to trace metallic sodium)

Sodium Amide (CAS 7782-92-5) is a highly reactive, strong inorganic base widely employed in organic chemistry as a powerful deprotonating agent. It is one of the strongest bases available for non-aqueous systems, enabling reactions that require the removal of weakly acidic protons (pKa up to ~38).

Key Properties of Sodium Amide

  • Melting Point: Approximately 210 °C
  • Density: 1.39 g/cm³
  • Solubility: Insoluble in most organic solvents; reacts violently with water and protic solvents, releasing ammonia and hydrogen
  • Reactivity: Extremely water-reactive (Dangerous When Wet – UN 1390, Class 4.3); strong reducing agent; can form explosive peroxides on prolonged air exposure
  • Purity (Typical): ≥95–98% (commercial grades)

Primary Applications & Uses

Sodium Amide excels in anhydrous conditions where extreme basicity is required. Key industrial and laboratory applications include:

  • Organic Synthesis — Premier reagent for deprotonation of terminal alkynes to form acetylide anions, enabling alkylation, acylation, and coupling reactions.
  • Pharmaceutical Intermediates — Used in the synthesis of APIs, heterocycles, and active pharmaceutical ingredients requiring strong non-nucleophilic bases.
  • Agrochemicals — Key in the preparation of certain pesticides, herbicides, and plant growth regulators through condensation and elimination reactions.
  • Dye & Pigment Production — Employed in the synthesis of indigos, anthraquinones, and other colorants via cyclization and condensation steps.
  • Specialty Chemicals — Acts as a base in the production of alkenes via elimination, in Birch reductions (ammonia-based), and in the synthesis of amines and amides.

Why Choose Our Sodium Amide?

  • High reactivity and consistent quality for demanding synthetic routes
  • Reliable supply with minimized impurities for reproducible results
  • Packaged under inert conditions to maintain stability and safety
  • Suitable for laboratory research, pilot-scale, and industrial production

Important Safety Note: Sodium amide is highly hazardous — it reacts violently with water (releasing flammable hydrogen gas and ammonia), is corrosive, and can ignite spontaneously in moist air. Handle only under inert atmosphere (dry nitrogen or argon) in a fume hood with specialized PPE and explosion-proof equipment.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is Sodium Amide primarily used for in organic chemistry?

It(CAS 7782-92-5) is a super-strong base (pKa of conjugate acid ~38) used mainly for deprotonating weak acids like terminal alkynes, enabling nucleophilic additions, eliminations, and other transformations in anhydrous media.

Why is Sodium Amide handled under inert atmosphere?

It reacts violently with moisture or air, producing flammable hydrogen gas, ammonia, and heat — potentially leading to fire or explosion. Always use dry nitrogen/argon and avoid any water exposure.

Is Sodium Amide the same as Sodium Hydroxide or other bases?

No. Sodium Amide (NaNH₂) is far stronger and operates in non-aqueous systems, unlike NaOH (aqueous base). It is non-nucleophilic in many cases and suited for reactions where hydroxide would add instead of deprotonate.

How should it be stored safely?

Store in tightly sealed containers under inert gas (nitrogen/argon) in a cool, dry place away from water, acids, oxidizers, and alcohols. Keep away from heat sources and monitor for peroxide formation in aged samples.

What safety precautions are essential when working with Sodium Amide?

Use in a fume hood with dry-box or Schlenk techniques if possible. Wear chemical-resistant gloves, full-face shield, flame-resistant clothing, and respiratory protection. Have dry sand, Class D extinguisher, and neutralization agents (e.g., dry ammonium chloride) ready. Never use water-based extinguishers.

Is it environmentally hazardous?

Yes — it is highly reactive and can release toxic ammonia gas on contact with water. Prevent environmental release and dispose of as hazardous waste per local regulations.

What packaging options are available for Sodium Amide?

Typically supplied in sealed ampoules, bottles, or drums under inert gas. Quantities range from grams (lab scale) to kilograms (industrial). Custom inert packaging available on request.

Can it be used in aqueous reactions?

No — it decomposes violently in water. All reactions must be conducted in dry, aprotic solvents like liquid ammonia, THF, or toluene under inert conditions.

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