Sodium Thioglycolate (CAS No. 367-51-1): Properties, Applications, and Safety Guidelines

Introduction to Sodium Thioglycolate

Sodium Thioglycolate, with the CAS Number 367-51-1, is a versatile organic compound widely used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and industrial applications. Also known as sodium 2-mercaptoacetate, this compound is valued for its reducing and depilatory properties.

Chemical Properties

Sodium Thioglycolate is a white to off-white crystalline powder or a colorless to pale yellow liquid in solution form, with a characteristic sulfur-like odor. Its key chemical properties include:

  • CAS Number: 367-51-1

  • Molecular Formula: C2H3NaO2S

  • Molecular Weight: 114.10 g/mol

  • Melting Point: Decomposes before melting

  • Solubility: Highly soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol

  • pH: Aqueous solutions are typically alkaline (pH 8–10)

  • Appearance: White crystalline powder or pale yellow liquid

These properties make Sodium Thioglycolate an effective reducing agent and depilatory in various applications.

Applications

1. Cosmetics and Personal Care

Sodium Thioglycolate is a key ingredient in hair removal products, such as depilatory creams and gels, due to its ability to break down keratin in hair. It is also used in permanent wave solutions and hair straightening treatments, providing smooth and manageable results.

2. Pharmaceutical Applications

In pharmaceuticals, it serves as a reducing agent and stabilizer in formulations. It is used in the synthesis of certain drugs and as a component in diagnostic reagents.

3. Industrial Uses

Sodium Thioglycolate is employed as a flotation agent in mineral processing, particularly for the separation of sulfide minerals in mining. It also acts as a reducing agent in chemical synthesis and textile processing.

4. Analytical Chemistry

The compound is used in analytical chemistry as a reagent for detecting and quantifying metals, such as iron and copper, due to its ability to form complexes with metal ions.

Safety and Handling

Proper handling of Sodium Thioglycolate (CAS No. 367-51-1) is essential due to its potential hazards:

  • Hazards: May cause skin and eye irritation (H315, H319) and is harmful if swallowed or inhaled (H302, H332). It may also cause allergic skin reactions (H317).

  • Protective Measures: Use personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves, safety goggles, and respiratory protection. Ensure adequate ventilation during handling.

  • Storage: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from oxidizing agents and acids.

  • Disposal: Dispose of according to local regulations for hazardous chemicals to prevent environmental contamination.

Always consult the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for detailed safety information before handling.